$password = "your_password";

9

$start9 = microtime(true);
$hash9 = password_hash($password, PASSWORD_BCRYPT, ['cost' => 9]);
$end9 = microtime(true);
$executionTime9 = $end9 - $start9;

10

$start10 = microtime(true);
$hash10 = password_hash($password, PASSWORD_BCRYPT, ['cost' => 10]);
$end10 = microtime(true);
$executionTime10 = $end10 - $start10;

$speedupFactor = $executionTime10 / $executionTime9;

// Display the hashed passwords, execution times, and speedup factor
echo "Hashed password with cost 9: " . $hash9 . "\n";
echo "Execution time with cost 9: " . $executionTime9 . " seconds\n\n";
echo "Hashed password with cost 10: " . $hash10 . "\n";
echo "Execution time with cost 10: " . $executionTime10 . " seconds\n\n";
echo "Speedup factor (9 vs 10): " . $speedupFactor . " times faster\n";

$start = microtime(true);

sleep(3);
// Your script code here

$end = microtime(true);
$latency = round($end - $start, 2);
echo "Script execution time: " . $latency . " seconds";

round

2

SimpleXMLElement

$test_array = array (
  'bla' => 'blub',
  'foo' => 'bar',
  'another_array' => array (
    'stack' => 'overflow',
  ),
);

$xml = new SimpleXMLElement('<rootTag/>');
to_xml($xml, $test_array);
print $xml->asXML();

function to_xml(SimpleXMLElement $object, array $data)
{   
    foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            $new_object = $object->addChild($key);
            to_xml($new_object, $value);
        } else {
            // if the key is an integer, it needs text with it to actually work.
            if ($key != 0 && $key == (int) $key) {
                $key = "key_$key";
            }

            $object->addChild($key, $value);
        }   
    }   
}

$array = [1, 2, "name"=>"Three", 4];
print_r($array);

Array
(
    [0] => 1
    [1] => 2
    [name] => Three
    [2] => 4
)

$array = [1, 2, 7=>"Three", 4];
print_r($array);

Array
(
    [0] => 1
    [1] => 2
    [7] => Three
    [8] => 4
)

$array = [1, 2, 7=>"Three", 4=>"forth", 25];
print_r($array);

Array
(
    [0] => 1
    [1] => 2
    [7] => Three
    [4] => forth
    [8] => 25
)

$array = [
	1    => "a",
    "1"  => "b",
    "-1"  => "-b",
    '1.5'  => "c",
    true => "d",
];
print_r($array);

Array
(
    [1] => d
    [-1] => -b
    [1.5] => c
)

parse_ini_file()

ini

session_write_close()

ctype_alnum

IF

$var = 'as2df234asdf';

if (ctype_alnum($var)) {
	echo 'if';
} else {
	echo 'else';
}

title

$xml

function value_in($element_name, $xml, $content_only = true) {
    if ($xml == false) {
        return false;
    }
    $found = preg_match('#<'.$element_name.'(?:\s+[^>]+)?>(.*?)'.
            '</'.$element_name.'>#s', $xml, $matches);
    if ($found != false) {
        if ($content_only) {
            return $matches[1];  //ignore the enclosing tags
        } else {
            return $matches[0];  //return the full pattern match
        }
    }
    // No match found: return false.
    return false;
}

$title = value_in('title', $xml);

price

$inventory = array(

   array("type"=>"fruit", "price"=>3.50),
   array("type"=>"milk", "price"=>2.90),
   array("type"=>"pork", "price"=>5.43),

);

array_multisort

$price = array();
foreach ($inventory as $key => $row)
{
    $price[$key] = $row['price'];
}
array_multisort($price, SORT_DESC, $inventory);

array_column

$price = array_column($inventory, 'price');

array_multisort($price, SORT_DESC, $inventory);

thousands_separator

,

thousands_separator

latency

1,511.68525

$this->latency = number_format(microtime(1)-$_SESSION['startTime'], 5);

SQLSTATE[01000]: Warning: 1265 Data truncated for column 'latency' at row 1

""

latency

1511.68525

$this->latency = number_format(microtime(1)-$_SESSION['startTime'], 5, '.', '');